Available on-demand - F.EN09.03.05
Late News: Operando Neutron Diffraction on All-Solid-State-Batteries Using a New Electrochemical Cell
Cédric Barcha1,2,3,Xavier Randrema1,2,3,Théodosios Famprikis1,3,Tatiana Renzi4,5,3,Emmanuelle Suard5,Mohamed Chakir2,3,Nathalie Delpuech2,3,Jean-Noël Chotard1,3,Virginie Viallet1,3,Mathieu Morcrette1,3,Laurence Croguennec4,3,Vincent Seznec1,3,Christian Masquelier1,3
Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides (LRCS)1,Technocentre Renault (Groupe Renault)2,Réseau sur le stockage électrochimique de l'énergie (RS2E)3,Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB)4,Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL)5
Show Abstract
The field of all-solid-state-batteries (ASSBs) is expected to potentially overcome associated issues of conventional LIBs and has recently attracted both industrial and academic attention (1) (2). Indeed, by removing flammable liquid solvents, this technology may enable improved intrinsic safety at cell level and increased temperature stability, resulting in system level benefits compared with conventional LIBs based on liquid electrolytes. SEs should also allow the possibility to use lithium metal anode leading to an enhancement of the energy density. To develop the ASSB technology, it is mandatory to first understand the (de)lithiation mechanisms into/from active materials and investigate the stability of the solid electrolyte itself. Among in-situ techniques used to understand electrode materials, neutron diffraction (ND) is one of the most powerful due to its high penetration depth allowing simultaneous data collection from both electrodes.
Operando ND in Li-ion batteries has been widely used to determine lattice parameters, phase transitions, and detailed structural information such as Li position and content in anode and cathode materials (3) (4) (5) (6), but also useful for commercial cell analysis (7) (8) (9). In the long term, this tool could help the ASSB community with trending problems such as SE decomposition (10) or stability of crystalline coating on active materials (11). A new operando electrochemical cell made of a Ti-Zr alloy completely transparent to neutrons was designed by the Institut Laue-Langevin, allowing operando neutron diffraction on the whole solid state battery, in a wide temperature range from -100°C to + 400 °C. The cell is completely airtight and offers the possibility of applying pressure. A first demonstration of the capabilities of the cell and of its limitations will be presented, using a solid-state battery based on a LiCoO2 cathode, a Li4Ti5O12 anode and Argyrodite Li6PS5Cl as the solid electrolyte. Temperature-controlled Li+ extraction from LiCoO2, up to 150°C, made possible by the use of an ASSB, reveal new interesting phenomena. Over one electrochemical cycle, the structural integrity of the Argyrodite solid electrolyte appears to be maintained.
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