Stephen Forrest ^1
1 Department of EECS & Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Andrew Holmes ^{1 3} , Khai Leok Chan ^{2 1} , Sung Yong Cho ^{2 1} , Nicholas Evans ² , Robert Borthwick ¹ , Georgia McCluskey ¹ , Andrew Grimsdale ¹ , Scott Watkins ^1
1 Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, ³ Department of Chemistry, Imperial College, London United Kingdom, ² Melville Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge United Kingdom

Hiroshi Kanno ^{2 1} , Yiru Sun ¹ , Stephen Forrest ^{1 3
2} , Sanyo Electric Co, Osaka Japan, ¹ Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States, ³ , University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Jianglong Chen ¹ , Valérie Leblanc ¹ , Peter Mardilovich ² , Marc Baldo ¹ , Martin Schmidt ¹ , Vladimir Bulović ^1
1 Microsystems Technology Laboratories, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, ² , Hewlett-Packard Company, Corvallis, Oregon, United States

Ryohei Hashimoto ¹ , Jun-ichi Hanna ^1
1 Imaging Science and Engineering Lab, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama Japan

Jinsong Huang ¹ , Taiki Watanabe ² , Kazunori Ueno ² , Yang Yang ^1
1 Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States, ² OD Development Project, Canon Inc. , Tokyo Japan

Chihaya Adachi ^{1 2} , Toshinori Matsushima ² , Hajime Nakanotani ^{1 2
1} Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka Japan, ² , JST-CREST, Tokyo Japan

Janelle Leger ¹ , Deanna Rodovsky ¹ , Glenn Bartholomew ^1
1 Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States

Carsten Borek ¹ , Kenneth Hanson ¹ , Peter Djurovich ¹ , Mark Thompson ¹ , Yiru Sun ^{2 4} , Stephen Forrest ⁴ , Jason Brooks ³ , Julie Brown ^3
1 Chemistry Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States, ² Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States, ⁴ Departments of Physics and Electrical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, ³ , Universal Display Corporation, Ewing, New Jersey, United States

Noel Giebink ¹ , Stephen Forrest ^{2 3 1
1} Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States, ² Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, ³ Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Igor Perepichka ¹ , Maksym Kryuchkov ¹ , Martin Bryce ¹ , Fernando Dias ² , Andrew Monkman ^2
1 Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham United Kingdom, ² Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham United Kingdom

Kai-Hsiang Chuang ¹ , J. H. Lee ^{1 2} , Yu-Hsuan Ho ¹ , Chi-Feng Lin ¹ , Chun-Chieh Chao ⁴ , Man-Kit Leung ^{3 4} , Cheng-Yu Li ⁵ , Hsuen-Li Chen ^5
1 Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei Taiwan, ² College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States, ⁴ Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University , Taipei Taiwan, ³ Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei Taiwan, ⁵ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei Taiwan

Zakya Kafafi ¹ , Leonidas Palilis ¹ , Mason Wolak ¹ , Paul Lane ¹ , Joseph Melinger ^1
1 Optical Sciences Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, District of Columbia, United States

Raquel Ovalle Robles ^{1 2} , Rocio Nava ^{1 5} , Krutarth Trivedi ^{1 4} , Christopher Williams ^{1 2} , Mei Zhang ¹ , Shaoli Fang ¹ , Sergey Lee ¹ , Ray Baughman ^{1 3} , Anvar Zakhidov ^{1 2
1} NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas (UT-D), Richardson, Texas, United States, ² Physics Department, University of Texas at Dallas (UT-D), Richardson, Texas, United States, ⁵ Physics Department, Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico city Mexico, ⁴ Electricla Engineering Department, University of Texas at Dallas (UT-D), Richardson, Texas, United States, ³ Chemestry Department, University of Texas at Dallas (UT-D), Richardson, Texas, United States

Silvia Janietz ¹ , Hartmut Krueger ¹ , Manuel Thesen ¹ , Bert Fischer ¹ , Armin Wedel ^1
1 POlymer Electronics, FhG-IAP, Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany

Junji Kido ^{1 2
1} Polymer Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata, Japan, ² , Optoelectronic Industry and Technology Development Association, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Jennifer Yu ¹ , Vladimir Bulovic ^1
1 Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States

Jian Li ¹ , Evan Williams ¹ , Kirsi Haavisto ¹ , Ghassan Jabbour ^1
1 Chemical & Materials Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States

Young Soo Kang ¹ , Hyo Sim Kang ¹ , Sun Wha Oh ^2
1 Chemistry, Pukyong National Univ., Busan Korea (the Republic of), ² Basic Science Research Institute, Pukyong National University, Busan Korea (the Republic of)

Michael Pienn ^{1 2 3} , Hon Hang Fong ³ , Ashok Mishra ⁴ , Josemon Jacob ⁴ , Klaus Müllen ⁴ , Emil List ^{1 2} , George Malliaras ^3
1 Christian Doppler Laboratory "Advanced Functional Materials", Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Graz Austria, ² Institute of Nanostructured Materials and Photonics, JOANNEUM RESEARCH, Weiz Austria, ³ Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States, ⁴ , Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Mainz Germany

Jason Slinker ¹ , Leonard Soltzberg ² , Samuel Flores-Torres ³ , Ji-Seon Kim ⁴ , Richard Friend ⁴ , Hector Abruna ³ , George Malliaras ^1
1 Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States, ² Department of Chemistry, Simmons College, Boston, Massachusetts, United States, ³ Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States, ⁴ Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge United Kingdom

Yu-Hsuan Ho ¹ , Tien-Chun Lin ¹ , Chia-Fang Wu ¹ , J. H. Lee ^{1 2
1} Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei Taiwan, ² College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States

Hiroki Iwanaga ¹ , Fumihiko Aiga ¹ , Akio Amano ^1
1 Corporate Research & Development Center, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki Japan

Masaki Nakano ¹ , Tomoteru Fukumura ¹ , Hidemi Toyosaki ¹ , Kazunori Ueno ¹ , Masashi Kawasaki ^1
1 , Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai Japan

Naotoshi Suganuma ¹ , Noriyuki Shimoji ² , Yoshiaki Oku ² , Kazumi Matsushige ^3
1 Int’l Innovation Center, Kyoto universuty, Kyoto Japan, ² , Rohm Co., Ltd., Kyoto Japan, ³ Dept. of Electronic Sci. & Tec., Kyoto universuty, Kyoto Japan

Irina Craciun ¹ , Paul Blom ^1
1 Molecular Electronics, Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen Netherlands

Su Hwan Lee ¹ , Dong-Won Shin ¹ , Sung-Jun Kim ¹ , Yoon Ho Kang ¹ , Gon-Sub Lee ¹ , Jea-gun Park ^1
1 Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul Korea (the Republic of)

Thiago Cazati ¹ , Roberto Faria ¹ , Lucas Santos ^1
1 , USP, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil

Kyu-Sik Kim ¹ , Eokchae Hwang ¹ , Changseung Lee ^1
1 Nano Fabrication Center, Samsung Advanced Institiue of Technology (SAIT), Yongin-Si, Gyeonggi-Do Korea (the Republic of)

Ho-Jin Son ¹ , Won-Sik Han ¹ , Ji-Yun Chun ¹ , Kyung Wee ¹ , Kuk-Wha Lee ² , Ha-Jin Jung ² , Chongmok Lee ² , Jaejung Ko ¹ , Sang Ook Kang ^1
1 Department of Advanced Material Chemistry, Korea University, Chochiwon, Chung-nam, Korea (the Republic of), ² Department of Chemistry, Ewha Womans University, Seoul Korea (the Republic of)

Jakub Mezyk ^{1 2} , Jan Kalinowski ² , Francesco Meinardi ¹ , Riccardo Tubino ¹ , Massimo Cocchi ³ , Dalia Virgili ^3
1 Department of Material Sciences, University of Milan Bicocca, Milano Italy, ² Department of Molecular Physics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk Poland, ³ Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, National Research Council of Italy, Bologna Italy

Yanguang Zhang ¹ , Jun Gao ^1
1 physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

Hemali Rathnayake ¹ , Ali Cirpan ² , Paul Lahti ^1
1 Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst , Massachusetts, United States, ² Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst, Massachusetts, United States

Ho-Jin Son ¹ , Won-Sik Han ¹ , Kyu-Bum Choi ¹ , Dae-Hyun Kim ¹ , Jaejung Ko ¹ , Seung-Uk Noh ² , Changhee Lee ² , Sang Ook Kang ^1
1 Department of Advanced Material Chemistry, Korea University, Chochiwon, Chung-Nam, Korea (the Republic of), ² Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Seoul National University, Seoul Korea (the Republic of)

Maria Vasilopoulou ¹ , Athanasios Botsialas ¹ , Giorgos Pistolis ² , Pinelopi Bayiati ¹ , Panagiota Petrou ³ , Nikolaos Stathopoulos ⁴ , Maria Rangoussi ⁴ , Panagiotis Argitis ^1
1 Inst. of Microelectronics, NCSR "Demokritos", Athens Greece, ² Inst. of Physical Chemistry, NCSR "Demokritos", Athens Greece, ³ Inst. of Radioisotopes and Radiodiagnostic Products , NCSR "Demokritos", Athens Greece, ⁴ Dep. of Electronics, Technological and Educational Institute of Pireaus, Athens Greece

Takao Motoyama ¹ , Yuya Agata ² , Takashi Takeda ² , Junji Kido ^{1 2
1} Polymer Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata, Japan, ² , Optoelectronic Industry and Technology Development Association, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Daisaku Tanaka ¹ , Hirohisa Sasabe ¹ , Takashi Takeda ¹ , Junji Kido ^{1 2
1} , Optoelectronic Industry and Technology Development Association, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan, ² Polymer Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata, Japan

Michael Odoi ¹ , Nathan Hammer ¹ , Ali Cirpan ² , Frank Karasz ² , Hemali Rathnayake ¹ , Paul Lahti ¹ , Michael Barnes ^1
1 Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States, ² Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States

Sabrina Eder ¹ , Stefan Kappaun ² , Stefan Sax ¹ , Fabian Niedermair ² , Christian Slugovc ² , Emil List ^{1 3
1} Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010, Graz Austria, ² Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Organic Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16, A-8010, Graz Austria, ³ , NanoTecCenter Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, A-8160, Weiz Austria

Sigi Psutka ^{1 2} , Gernot Mauthner ^{1 2} , Emil List ^{1 2 3
1} Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010, Graz Austria, ² Christian Doppler Laboratory Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010, Graz, Austria and Institute of Nanostructured Materials and Photonics, A-8160, Weiz Austria, ³ , NanoTecCenter Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, A-8160, Weiz Austria

Jose Giacometti ² , Clarissa Olivati ² , Debora Balogh ¹ , Marystela Ferreira ^1
2 Instituto de Fisica de Sao Carlos, USP - University of Sao Paulo , Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil, ¹ Faculdade de Ciencia e Tecnologia, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil

Y Wang ¹ , Qingjiang Sun ² , Linsong Li ¹ , Daoyuan Wang ¹ , Yongfang Li ^2
1 , Ocean NanoTech, LLC, Fayetteville,, Arkansas, United States, ² , Beijing Chemistry Institute, Beijing China

Yiying Zhao ¹ , Kwang Hyup An ² , Kevin Pipe ² , Max Shtein ^1
1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, ² Depart of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Michael Pienn ^{1 2 3} , Hon Hang Fong ³ , Ashok Mishra ⁴ , Josemon Jacob ⁴ , Klaus Müllen ⁴ , Emil List ^{1 2} , George Malliaras ^3
1 Christian Doppler Laboratory "Advanced Functional Materials", Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Graz Austria, ² Institute of Nanostructured Materials and Photonics, JOANNEUM RESEARCH, Weiz Austria, ³ Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States, ⁴ , Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Mainz Germany

Heh-Lung Huang ¹ , Jin-Sheng Lin ¹ , Miao-Tsai Chu ¹ , Mei-Rurng Tseng ^1
1 , Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chutung, Hsinchu Taiwan

Ming-Yu Hsu ² , Heh-Lung Huang ¹ , Miao-Tsai Chu ¹ , Mei-Rurng Tseng ¹ , Rai-Shung Liu ^2
2 Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu Taiwan, ¹ , Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chutung, Hsinchu Taiwan

Sanghun Choi ¹ , Seoung Yoon Ryu ¹ , Jong Tae Kim ¹ , Hong Koo Baik ^1
1 Metallugical Eng., Yonsei Univ., Seoul Korea (the Republic of)

Henk Bolink ¹ , Luca Cappelli ¹ , Eugenio Coronado ¹ , Michael Grätzel ² , Md. K. Nazeeruddin ² , Enrique Ortí ¹ , Pedro Viruela ^1
1 Institute of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, Paterna, Valencia, Spain, ² Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne Switzerland

Nobuhiro Ide ¹ , Satoshi Ohara ² , Junji Kido ^{1 2
1} , Optoelectronic Industry and Technology Development Association, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan, ² Polymer Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata, Japan

Katsuyuki Morii ^{1 2} , Takeshi Takashima ³ , Qing Wang ² , Mohammad Nazeeruddin ² , Masaya Ishida ¹ , Tatsuya Shimoda ³ , Michael Gratzel ^2
1 Cambridge Research Laboratory of EPSON, EPSON UK Ltd., Cambridge United Kingdom, ² FBS-ISIC-LPI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne Switzerland, ³ , SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION, Suwa Japan

Gareth Redmond ^1
1 Nanotechnology Group, Tyndall National Institute, Cork Ireland

Yiru Sun ¹ , Hiroshi Kanno ^{2 1} , Stephen Forrest ^{1 3
1} Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States, ² , Sanyo Electric Co, Osaka Japan, ³ , University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Eric Teboul ¹ , Yong Ji ¹ , Nataliya Nabatova-Gabain ^2
1 Thin Films, HORIBA Jobin Yvon, Edison, New Jersey, United States, ² Semiconductor Division, HORIBA Ltd., Kyoto Japan

Bin Hu ¹ , Yue Wu ^1
1 Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

Zenken Kin ¹ , Hirotake Kajii ¹ , Yutaka Ohmori ^1
1 CENTER FOR ADVANCED SCIENCE AND INNOVATION, OSAKA UNIVERSITY, SUITA, OSAKA, Japan

Jianping Lu ¹ , Qinde Liu ² , Ye Tao ¹ , Jianfu Ding ² , Michael Day ^2
1 , Institute for Microstructural Sciences, NRC, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, ² , Institute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, NRC , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Zenken Kin ¹ , Yuichi Hino ¹ , Yasuchika Hasegawa ² , Hirotake Kajii ¹ , Yutaka Ohmori ^1
1 CENTER FOR ADVANCED SCIENCE AND INNOVATION, OSAKA UNIVERSITY, SUITA, OSAKA, Japan, ² , Nara Institute of Science and Technology, IKOMA, NARA, Japan

Mark Thompson ¹ , Stephen Forrest ² , Julie Brown ^3
1 Chemistry , University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States, ² Physics and Electrical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, ³ , Universal Display Corporation, Ewing, New Jersey, United States

Hai-Ching Su ¹ , Fu-Chuan Fang ² , Tsyr-Yuan Hwu ² , Hsing-Hung Hsieh ¹ , Hsiao-Fan Chen ² , Ken-Tsung Wong ² , Chung-Chih Wu ^1
1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Electro-optical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei Taiwan, ² Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei Taiwan

Govindarajan Veeraraghavan ^{1 2} , Tho Nguyen ^{1 3} , Yugang Sheng ^{1 3} , Omer Mermer ^{1 3} , Markus Wohlgenannt ^{1 3
1} Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa city, Iowa, United States, ² Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa city, Iowa, United States, ³ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa city, Iowa, United States

Patrick Kinlen ¹ , Mauricio Pinto ¹ , Eric Bruton ^1
1 , Crosslink, St. Louis, Missouri, United States

Kenichiro Wakisaka , Jian Li ¹ , Yasuko Hirayama ¹ , Taiji Tomita ¹ , Takeshi Sano ¹
, ¹ R&D Headquarters, SANYO Electric Co., Ltd., Hirakata, Osaka Japan

Akihiko Fujii ^1
1 Division of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka Japan

Hideyuki Murata ^{1 2} , Takeshi Ikeda ¹ , Yoshiki Kinoshita ¹ , Junichi Shike ³ , Yoshikazu Ikeda ³ , Masahiro Kitano ^3
1 School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa, Japan, ² PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, ³ , Kitano Seiki Co., Ltd, Ohta, Tokyo, Japan

Kaname Kanai ¹ , Suidong Wang ¹ , Yukio Ouchi ¹ , Kazuhiko Seki ^1
1 Graduate school of science, Nagoya university, Nagoya Japan

Mukul Agrawal ¹ , Yiru Sun ² , Stephen Forrest ³ , Peter Peumans ^1
1 Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States, ² Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States, ³ Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Tobin Marks ^1
1 , Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States

Ming Tang ¹ , Toshihiro Okamoto ² , Zhenan Bao ^2
1 Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States, ² Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States

Masayuki Chikamatsu ¹ , Atsushi Itakura ¹ , Tatsumi Kimura ¹ , Satoru Shimada ¹ , Yuji Yoshida ¹ , Reiko Azumi ¹ , Kiyoshi Yase ^1
1 Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Japan

Daniel Hines ^{2 1} , V. Ballarotto ¹ , E. Williams ^{2 1} , A. Southard ^{2 3} , M. Fuhrer ^{2 3
2} Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States, ¹ Laboratory for Physical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States, ³ Center for Superconductivity Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States

Kenji Itaka ^{1 3} , Jun Yamaguchi ^{1 2} , Mitsugu Yamashiro ^{1 2} , Masamitsu Haemori ^{1 2} , Seiichiro Yaginuma ^{1 2} , Yuji Matsumoto ^{2 3} , Hideomi Koinuma ^{1 3 4
1} Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa Japan, ³ CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi Japan, ² Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama Japan, ⁴ , National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba Japan

Toshihide Kamata ¹ , Manabu Yoshida ¹ , Kouji Suemori ¹ , Sei Uemura ¹ , Noriyuki Takada ¹ , Satoshi Hoshino ¹ , Takehito Kozasa ^1
1 PRI, AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Fumihiro Fujimori ¹ , Kazuhito Tsukagoshi ^{1 2} , Kunji Shigeto ¹ , Tetze Hamano ¹ , Takeo Minari ¹ , Tetsuhiko Miyadera ¹ , Yoshinobu Aoyagi ^1
1 , RIKEN, Wako Japan, ² PREST, JST, Kawaguchi, Saitama Japan

Do Kyung Hwang ¹ , Jeong Min Choi ¹ , Ki moon Lee ¹ , Seongil Im ^1
1 Institute of Physics and Applied Physics, Yonsei University , Seoul, Sudaemoon-ku, Korea (the Republic of)

Howard Katz ¹ , Jia Huang ¹ , Kevin See ¹ , Chad Landis ¹ , Alan Becknell ² , Joseph Miragliotta ^2
1 Materials Science & Eng., Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, ² , JHU / APL, Laurel, Maryland, United States

Matthew Panzer ¹ , C. Daniel Frisbie ^1
1 Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Tetsuhiko Miyadera ¹ , Yoshio Kanamori ² , Susumu Ikeda ² , Koichiro Saiki ² , Takeo Minari ¹ , Kazuhito Tsukagoshi ¹ , Yoshinobu Aoyagi ^{1 3
1} , RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan, ² , Univ. Tokyo, Tokyo, Hongo, Japan, ³ , Tokyo Inst. of Tec., Tokyo Japan

Jeng-Hua Wei ¹ , HorngJiunn Lin ¹ , Ying-Ren Chen ¹ , Po-Yuan Lo ² , Zingway Pei ^2
1 Department of Electronics Engineering, Ching Yun University, Jung-Li Taiwan, ² Electronics Research & Service Organization, Industrial Technology and Research Institute, Hsinchu Taiwan

Xiaojiang Yu ¹ , Jianbin Xu ¹ , Jia Gao ^1
1 Electronic Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong China

Hiroshi Kayashima ¹ , Takeshi Yasuda ^{1 2} , Katsuhiko Fujita ^{1 2} , Tetsuo Tsutsui ^{1 2
1} , Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka Japan, ² , IMCE, Kyushu University, Fukuoka Japan

Eung Seok Park ¹ , Pil Soo Kang ¹ , Gyu Tae Kim ^1
1 School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul Korea (the Republic of)

Stephan Meyer ¹ , Jens Pflaum ¹ , Stefan Sellner ² , Helmut Dosch ³ , Frank Schreiber ⁴ , Gerhard Ulbricht ³ , Matthias Fischer ⁵ , Bruno Gompf ^5
1 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart Germany, ² , Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, ³ , Max-Planck-Institute, Stuttgart Germany, ⁴ Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen Germany, ⁵ 1st Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart Germany

Paul Stokes ^{1 2} , Firoze Haque ^{1 2} , Saiful Khondaker ^{1 2
1} Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States, ² Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States

Takuya Kambayashi ¹ , Hiroshi Wada ¹ , Takehiko Mori ¹ , Hideo Takezoe ¹ , Ken Ishikawa ^1
1 Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo Japan

Hua-Chi Cheng ¹ , Yu-Rung Peng ¹ , Zing-Way Pei ¹ , Chao-An Chung ¹ , Wei-Hsin Hou ^1
1 , EOL/ITRI, Hsinchu Taiwan

Bogyu Lim ¹ , Jieun Ghim ¹ , Doojin Vak ¹ , Kang-Jun Baeg ¹ , Dong-Yu Kim ^1
1 Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju Korea (the Republic of)

Huai-Yuan Tseng ¹ , Ko-Yu Chiang ¹ , Chen-Pang Kung ^1
1 , Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Chutung, Hsinchu, Taiwan

Tadamasa Suzuki ¹ , Toshihiro Shimada ¹ , Susumu Ikeda ² , Koichiro Saiki ² , Tetsuya Hasegawa ^1
1 Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan, ² Department of Complexity Sciences and Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan

Yasuyuki Watanabe ¹ , Hiroyuki Iechi ^{1 2} , Kazuhiro Kudo ^{1 3
1} Advanced Organic Device Project, Chiba Laboratory, Optoelectronic Industry and Technology Development Association, Chiba Japan, ² Advanced Technology R&D Center, Research and Development Group, Ricoh Co. Ltd, Yokohama Japan, ³ Department of Electronics and Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba Japan

Edsger Smits ^{1 2 5} , Michael Coelle ² , Arjan Mank ² , Simon Mathijssen ^{2 4} , Thomas Anthopoulos ³ , Peter Bobbert ⁴ , Bert de Boer ¹ , Paul Blom ¹ , Dago de Leeuw ^2
1 Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen Netherlands, ² , Philips Research Laboratories, Eindhoven Netherlands, ⁵ , Dutch Polymer Institute, Eindhoven Netherlands, ⁴ , Technical University Eindhoven, Eindhoven Netherlands, ³ , Imperial College London, London United Kingdom

Kilwon Cho ¹ , Hwa Sung Lee ¹ , Do Hwan Kim ¹ , Jeong Ho Cho ¹ , Minkyu Hwang ¹ , Yunseok Jang ¹ , Ji Hwang Lee ^1
1 Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Korea (the Republic of)

Ming Tang ¹ , Mark Roberts ² , Jason Locklin ² , Mang-mang Ling ² , Hong Meng ³ , Zhenan Bao ^2
1 Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States, ² Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States, ³ Central Research and Development, E. I. Dupont Company, Wilmington, Delaware, United States

Wen-Chang Chen ^{1 2} , Kai-Fang Cheng ² , Wen-Ya Lee ^1
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei Taiwan, ² Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei Taiwan

Harry Brinkmann ¹ , Christian Kelting ¹ , Sergey Makarov ² , Dieter Wöhrle ² , Derck Schlettwein ^1
1 Applied Physics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen Germany, ² Institute of Organic und Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bremen, Bremen Germany

Bokyoung Joo ¹ , Hongdoo Kim ^1
1 Chemistry, Kyunghee Univ., Yongin Korea (the Republic of)

Andreas Klug ¹ , Raphael Pfattner ¹ , Benjamin Souharce ² , Ullrich Scherf ² , Emil List ^{1 3
1} Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010, Graz Austria, ² , Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Makromolekulare Chemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Gaussstrasse 20, D-42097, Wuppertal Germany, ³ , NanoTecCenter Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, A-8160, Weiz Austria

Stefan Gamerith ¹ , Andreas Klug ¹ , Horst Scheiber ¹ , Ullrich Scherf ² , Erik Moderegger ³ , Emil List ^{1 4
1} Christian Doppler Laboratory Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010, Graz, Austria and Institute of Nanostructured Materials and Photonics, A-8160, Weiz Austria, ² , Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Makromolekulare Chemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Gaussstrasse 20, D-42097, Wuppertal Germany, ³ , AT&S Austria Technologie und Systemtechnik AG, Fabriksgasse 13, A-8700, Leoben Austria, ⁴ , NanoTecCenter Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, A-8160, Weiz Austria

Toshihiko Kaji ¹ , Toshihiro Shimada ¹ , Susumu Ikeda ² , Koichiro Saiki ^{2 1
1} Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The university of Tokyo, Tokyo Japan, ² Depertment of Complexity Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan

Yejeong Seo ¹ , Bokyoung Joo ¹ , Hongdoo Kim ^1
1 Chemistry, Kyunghee Univ., Yongin Korea (the Republic of)

Satoyuki Nomura ¹ , Aram Amassian ¹ , George Malliaras ¹ , Detlef-M Smilgies ^2
1 Materials Science & Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States, ² Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States

Inhoe Kim ¹ , Seoungwoo Kuk ¹ , Injae Baeck ² , Ho Jung Chang ² , Hyung-ho Park ³ , Hyeongtag Jeon ^1
1 Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul Korea (the Republic of), ² , Dankook University, Cheonan-shi, Chungnam Korea (the Republic of), ³ , yonsei University, Seoul Korea (the Republic of)

Seok-Ju Kang ¹ , Jieun Ghim ¹ , Seok-Soon Kim ¹ , Kang-Jun Baek ¹ , Hyemi Lee ¹ , Dong-Yu Kim ^1
1 Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Heeger Center for Advanced Materials & Photonics Polymer Laboratory, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju Korea (the Republic of)

Kim Chang Su ¹ , Jo Sung Jin ¹ , Lee Sung Won ¹ , Baik Hong Koo ^1
1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei university, Seoul Korea (the Republic of)

Richard Yang ^{1 2} , Andrew Kummel* ^2
1 Material Science and Engineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States, ² Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States

Rhonda Bailey-Salzman ¹ , Barry Rand ¹ , Stephen Forrest ^{2 3 4
1} Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States, ² Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, ³ Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, ⁴ Materials Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

David Coffey ¹ , Obadiah Reid ² , David Ginger ^2
1 Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States, ² Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States

Shuzi Hayase ¹ , Takehiko Kato ¹ , Fumi Inakazu ¹ , Wataru Takashima ¹ , Keiichi Kaneto ^1
1 , Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu Japan

Silvia Janietz ¹ , Dessislava Sainova ¹ , Udom Asawapirom ^1
1 Polymer Electronics, FhG-IAP, Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany

Daniel Bernards ¹ , Samuel Flores-Torres ² , Héctor Abruña ² , George Malliaras ^1
1 Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States, ² Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States

Jeong In Lee ¹ , Jin Kon Kim ¹ , Jae Woong Yu ^2
1 Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Korea (the Republic of), ² Optoelectronic Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul Korea (the Republic of)

Ligong Yang ^{1 2} , Hong-Zheng Chen ¹ , Mang Wang ^{1 2
1} Dept. of Polymer Sci & Eng., Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, ² , State Key Lab of Silicon Materials, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China

Yi-Jun Lin ² , Leeyih Wang ¹ , Wen-Yen Chiu ^2
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei Taiwan, ¹ Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University , Taipei Taiwan

Takahiro Osasa ¹ , Shuhei Yamamoto ¹ , Michio Matsumura ^1
1 Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Osaka University, Osaka Japan

Myung-Su Kim ¹ , Jin-Sung Kim ⁴ , Yiying Zhao ¹ , Max Shtein ^{1 3} , L. Jay Guo ^{4 3} , Jinsang Kim ^{1 2 3
1} Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, ⁴ Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, ³ Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, ² Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Jun Sakai ¹ , Tetsuya Taima ² , Kazuhiro Saito ^2
1 Advanced Technologies Development Laboratory, Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd., Kadoma, Osaka Japan, ² Research Center for Photovoltaics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan

Christopher Williams ^{1 2} , Mei Zhang ¹ , Shaoli Fang ¹ , Raquel Ovalle ^{1 2} , Sergey Lee ¹ , Ray Baughman ^{1 3} , Anvar Zakhidov ^{1 2
1} Nanotech Institute, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States, ² Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States, ³ Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States

Christopher Williams ^{1 2} , Raquel Ovalle ^{1 2} , Krutarth Trivedi ^{1 3} , Sergey Lee ¹ , Anvar Zakhidov ^{1 2
1} Nanotech Institute, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States, ² Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States, ³ Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States

J. H. Seo ¹ , Chung Nam Whang ² , Kyung-Hwa Yoo ¹ , Gap Soo Chang ¹ , T. Pedersen ² , A. Moewes ^2
1 Institute of Physics & Applied Physics , Yonsei university, Seoul Korea (the Republic of), ² , University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

Shalom Goffri ¹ , Christian Müller ² , Natalie Stingelin-Stutzmann ³ , Dag Breiby ⁴ , Christopher Radano ⁵ , Richard Thompson ⁷ , Jens Andreasen ⁴ , Martin Nielsen ⁴ , Henri Chanzy ⁶ , René Janssen ⁵ , Paul Smith ² , Henning Sirringhaus ^1
1 , University of Cambridge, Cambridge United Kingdom, ² , ETH , Zürich Switzerland, ³ , Queen Mary, London United Kingdom, ⁴ , Risø National Laboratory, Risø Denmark, ⁵ , TU Eindhoven, Eindhoven Netherlands, ⁷ , University of Durham, Durham United Kingdom, ⁶ , CNRS-CERMAV, Grenoble France

Takenori Fujiwara ¹ , Jason Locklin ¹ , Zhenan Bao ^1
1 Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States

Sunho Jeong ¹ , Seong Hui Lee ¹ , Jooho Moon ¹ , Hyunjung Shin ^2
1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonnsei University, Seoul Korea (the Republic of), ² School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul Korea (the Republic of)

Piero Cosseddu ^{1 2} , Simone Locci ^{1 2} , Emanuele Orgiu ^{1 2} , Annalisa Bonfiglio ^{1 2
1} Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari Italy, ² , INFM-S3 nanoStructures and bioSystems at Surfaces, Modena, Modena, Italy

Yong-Young Noh ¹ , Ni Zhao ¹ , Xiaoyang Cheng ¹ , Henning Sirringhaus ^1
1 , University of Cambridge, Cambridge United Kingdom

Piero Cosseddu ^{1 2} , Simone Locci ^{1 2} , Emanuele Orgiu ^{1 2} , Ileana Manunza ^{1 2} , Annalisa Bonfiglio ^{1 2} , Ingo Salzmann ³ , Norbert Koch ³ , Jurgen P. Rabe ^3
1 Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari Italy, ² , INFM-S3 nanoStructures and bioSystems at Surfaces, Modena, Modena, Italy, ³ Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Berlin Germany

Qianxi Lai ¹ , Zhiyong Li ² , Xuema Li ² , Theodore Kamins ² , Stanley Williams ² , Zuhua Zhu ¹ , Yong Chen ^1
1 Department of Mechanical & Aerospacing Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States, ² Quantum Science Research, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, California, United States

Jeongmin Choi ¹ , Kimoon Lee ¹ , Do Kyung Hwang ¹ , Seongil Im ^1
1 Institute of Physics and Applied Physics, Yonsei University , Seoul, Sudaemoon-ku, Korea (the Republic of)

Antonio Facchetti ¹ , Choongik Kim ¹ , Myung-Han Yoon ¹ , Tobin Marks ^1
1 Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States

Flora Li ¹ , Yiliang Wu ² , Beng Ong ² , Arokia Nathan ^1
1 E&CE, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, ² , Xerox Research Centre of Canada, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada

Kazuhiro Kudo ^{1 2
1} Electrical and Mechanical Eng., Chiba University, Chiba Japan, ² , OIDTA, Chiba Japan

Haruo Kawakami ¹ , Takahiko Maeda ¹ , Hisato Kato ^1
1 Material and Science Laboratory, Fuji Electric Advanced Technology Co., Ltd., Hino, Tokyo, Japan

Satoshi Horie ¹ , Kenji Ishida ¹ , Shuichiro Kuwajima ¹ , Hirofumi Yamada ¹ , Kazumi Matsushige ^1
1 Dept of ES&E, Kyoto Univ. Graduate School of Engr., Kyoto Japan

Vincent Derycke ¹ , Julien Borghetti ¹ , Stéphane Lenfant ² , Pascale Chenevier ¹ , Arianna Filoramo ¹ , Marcelo Goffman ¹ , Dominique Vuillaume ² , Jean-Philippe Bourgoin ^1
1 SPEC, CEA Saclay, Gif sur Yvette France, ² IEMN, CNRS, Villeneuve d'Ascq France

Ivan Nausieda ¹ , Ioannis Kymissis ^{1 2} , Vladimir Bulovic ^1
1 EECS, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, ² EE, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States

Colin Nuckolls ^1
1 , Columbia University, New York, New York, United States

Sandra Vos ¹ , Eung-Gun Kim ³ , Demetrio Filho ³ , Jean-Luc Bredas ³ , C. Daniel Frisbie ¹ , Michael Ward ¹ , Michael Toney ^2
1 Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, ³ School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States, ² Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Menlo Park, California, United States

Katsumi Tanigaki ^{1 5} , Nobuya Hiroshiba ¹ , Ryotaro Kumashiro ¹ , Hisao Ishii ² , Masahiro Yamashita ³ , Shinya Takaishi ³ , Kazuhito Tsukagshi ^4
1 Department of Physics, Graduate of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai Japan, ⁵ CREST, JST, Saitama Japan, ² Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai Japan, ³ Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Sendai Japan, ⁴ Low-Temperature Physics, Riken, Wako Japan

Nobuya Hiroshiba ¹ , Ryotaro Kumashiro ^{1 2} , Taishi Takenobu ^{2 3} , Yoshihiro Iwasa ^{2 3} , Kenta Kotani ⁴ , Iwao Kawayama ⁴ , Masayoshi Tonouchi ⁴ , Katsumi Tanigaki ^{1 2
1} Department of physics ,Guraduate school of science, Tohoku Univ., Sendai Japan, ² , JST-CREST, kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, ³ Institute for Material Research, Tohoku Univ., Sendai Japan, ⁴ Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ., Suita Japan

Se Woung Park ¹ , Do kyoung Hwang ¹ , Seongil Im ^1
1 Institute of Physics & Applied Physics , Yonsei University , Seoul, Sudaemoon-ku, Korea (the Republic of)

Huiping Jia ¹ , Erich Gross ¹ , Robert Wallace ¹ , Bruce Gnade ^1
1 , University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States

Hong Meng ^1
1 , DuPont Company, Wilmington, Delaware, United States

Iain McCulloch ¹ , Clare Bailey ¹ , Martin Heeney ¹ , Maxim Shkunov ¹ , David Sparrowe ¹ , Steven Tierney ¹ , Joe Kline ³ , Michael Chabinyc ^2
1 Organic Electronics, Merck Chemicals, Southampton United Kingdom, ³ , NIST - Gaithersburg, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States, ² , Palo Alto Research Center, Palo Alto, California, United States

Hisao Ishii ¹ , Satoshi Ogawa ² , Yasuo Kimura ^{2 3} , Michio Niwano ^{2 3
1} Center for Frontier Science, Chiba University, Chiba-shi Japan, ² RIEC, Tohoku University, Sendai Japan, ³ CREST, JST, Kawaguchi Japan

Hiroaki Iino ¹ , Jun-ichi Hanna ^1
1 Imaging Science and Engineering Lab, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama Japan

Jun Matsui ¹ , Yoshitaka Sato ¹ , Takeshi Mikayama ¹ , Tokuji Miyashita ^1
1 Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

Takuya Hata ^{1 2} , Kenji Nakamura ^{1 2} , Katsunari Obata ^{1 3} , HIroyuki Endoh ^{1 4} , Atsushi Yoshizawa ^{1 2} , Kazuhiro Kudo ^{1 5
1} , OITDA, Chiba Japan, ² , Corporate R&D Laboratories, Pioneer Corporation, Tsurugashima, Saitama Japan, ³ , Research & Development Center, Dai Nippon Printing, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan, ⁴ , Fundamental and Environmental Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan, ⁵ , Faculty of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba Japan

Frank Verbakel ^{1 2} , Stefan Meskers ^{1 2} , René Janssen ^{1 2
1} SMO-M2N, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven Netherlands, ² , Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), Eindhoven Netherlands

Chia-Chieh Chang ¹ , Zingway Pei ^{1 2} , Chung An Jong ¹ , Jack Hou ^1
1 Electronics and Optoelectronics Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu Taiwan, ² Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung Taiwan

Sung-ho Seo ¹ , Woo-sik Nam ¹ , Jae-seok Kim ¹ , Chang-hyup Shin ¹ , Se-yun Lim ¹ , Yoon-joong Kim ² , Jea-gun Park ^1
1 Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul Korea (the Republic of), ² Electron Microscopy Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Deajeon Korea (the Republic of)

Byeong-il Han ¹ , Chang-Kyu Lee ¹ , Jong-Sung Kwon ¹ , In-Chul Na ¹ , Young-Min Kim ² , Jea-gun Park ^1
1 Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul Korea (the Republic of), ² Electron Microscopy Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Deajeon Korea (the Republic of)

Junghyun Lee ¹ , Jonghyurk Park ¹ , Gyeong Sook Bang ¹ , Nak-Jin Choi ¹ , Hyoyoung Lee ^1
1 National Creative Research Initiative Center for Smart Molecular Memory Device team, IT-NT group, Electronics and Telecommunications Resarch Institute (ETRI), Daejeon Korea (the Republic of)

Alokik Kanwal ^{1 2} , Mammen Thomas ² , Bala Padmakumar ² , Manish Chhowalla ^{1 2
1} Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States, ² , C- Core Inc., San Jose, California, United States

Vincent Ballarotto ¹ , Elba Gomar-Nadal ^{1 2} , Ellen Williams ^{1 2
1} , Laboratory for Physical Sciences, College Park, Maryland, United States, ² Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States

Hualong Pan ¹ , Yuning Li ² , Yiliang Wu ² , Ping Liu ² , Beng Ong ² , Shiping Zhu ¹ , Gu Xu ^1
1 Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, ² Materials and Printed Electronics Laboratory, Research Center of Canada, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada

Jitapa Sumranjit ¹ , Paul Lahti ^1
1 Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States

Wen-Chang Chen ^{1 2} , Wen-Chung Wu ¹ , Wen-Ya Lee ^1
1 Chemical engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei Taiwan, ² Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei Taiwan

Yoshitaka Nakano ¹ , Koji Noda ¹ , Hisayoshi Fujikawa ¹ , Takeshi Morikawa ¹ , Takeshi Ohwaki ^1
1 , Toyota Central R&D Labs., Aichi Japan

Ruchi Agrawal ¹ , Subhasis Ghosh ^1
1 School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi, India

Yan Ge ^{1 2} , James Whitten ^{1 2
1} Chemistry, Univ. of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, United States, ² Center for Advanced Materials, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, United States

Jagdeep Singh ^{1 2 3} , James Whitten ^{1 2 3
1} Department of Chemistry , University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, United States, ² Center for High-Rate nanomanufacturing , University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, United States, ³ Center for Advanced Materials , University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, United States

Niranjani Kumaran ¹ , Britt Minch ¹ , Wei Xia ¹ , Neal Armstrong ^1
1 Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States

Slawomir Braun ¹ , Wojciech Osikowicz ¹ , Ying Wang ² , William Salaneck ^1
1 IFM, Linköping University, Linköping Sweden, ² Experimental Station, E. I. DuPont de Nemours and Co., Inc., Wilmington, Delaware, United States

Eiji Kawabe ¹ , Hiroyuki Yamane ¹ , Kenji Koizumi ¹ , Ryohei Sumii ² , Kaname Kanai ¹ , Yukio Ouchi ¹ , Kazuhiko Seki ^{1 3
1} Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya Japan, ² Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya Japan, ³ Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya Japan

Amanda Wroble ¹ , Jurjen Wildeman ² , Luke Hanley ^1
1 Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States, ² Polymer Chemistry and Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen Netherlands

Songtao Wo ¹ , Binran Wang ¹ , Hua Zhou ¹ , Yiping Wang ¹ , Jonathan Bessette ¹ , Randall Headrick ¹ , Alex Mayer ² , George Malliaras ² , Alexander Kazimirov ^3
1 Physics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States, ² Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States, ³ Cornell High energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States

Nibedita Sanyal ¹ , Paul Lahti ^2
1 Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States, ² Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States

Jonghwa Jeong ¹ , Debra Mascaro ^2
1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, ² Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

Ashutosh Tripathi ¹ , Jens Pflaum ^1
1 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Baden- Wuerttemberg, Germany

Tung-Huei Ke ¹ , Chih-Hao Chang ¹ , Chang-Sheng Lin ² , Chien-Hong Cheng ² , Chung-Chih Wu ^1
1 , Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering at National Taiwan University, Taipei Taiwan, ² , Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , HsinChu Taiwan

Takashi Sagawa ¹ , Taisuke Yamada ² , Hiroshi Hachisako ³ , Makoto Takafuji ⁴ , Hirotaka Ihara ^4
1 Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan, ² Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D. C., District of Columbia, United States, ³ Department of Applied Chemistry, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan, ⁴ Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan

Georg Heimel ¹ , Lorenz Romaner ² , Jean-Luc Bredas ¹ , Egbert Zojer ^2
1 School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States, ² Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Graz Austria

Sieu Ha ¹ , Fabrice Amy ² , Antoine Kahn ^1
1 Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States, ² , Air Products, Allentown, Pennsylvania, United States

John DeFranco ¹ , Daniel Bernards ¹ , Maria Nikolou ¹ , Daniel Macaya ¹ , George Malliaras ^1
1 Materials Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States

Tolga Atay ¹ , Qiang Zhang ¹ , Arto Nurmikko ¹ , Jonathan Tischler ² , Scott Bradley ² , Vladimir Bulovic ^2
1 Division of Engineering and Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States, ² Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States

Anders Odell ¹ , Anna Delin ^1
1 Material Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm Sweden

Hiroshi Moriyama ¹ , Hiroshi Higuchi ¹ , Noriaki Ikeda ¹ , Nobutaka Mitomo ¹ , Chongjin Pac ^1
1 Department of Chemistry, Toho University, Funabashi Japan

Takeshi Hirai ¹ , Nobuhito Ohno ² , Satoshi Hashimoto ³ , Michio Matsumura ^1
1 , Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan, ² Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Neyagawa, Osaka, Japan, ³ Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan

Michael Mueller ¹ , Karsten Albe ¹ , Yuri Genenko ¹ , Frederik Neumann ¹ , Roland Schmechel ¹ , Heinz von Seggern ^1
1 Institute of Materials Science, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt Germany

Hiroshi Mizuseki ¹ , Rodion Belosludov ¹ , Amir Farajian ^{1 5} , Olga Pupysheva ^{1 5} , Chiranjib Majumder ² , Jian-Tao Wang ³ , Hao Chen ⁴ , Yoshiyuki Kawazoe ^1
1 Tohoku University, Institute for Materials Research, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, ⁵ (Present address) Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States, ² Novel Materials and Structual Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai India, ³ Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing China, ⁴ Physics Department, Fudan University, Shanghai China

Gyeong Sook Bang ¹ , Jonghyurk Park ¹ , Junghyun Lee ¹ , Nak-Jin Choi ¹ , Hee-Yeol Baek ¹ , Hyoyoung Lee ^1
1 National Creative Research Initiative Center for Smart Molecular Memory, IT Convergence Technology Research Division, ETRI, Daejeon Korea (the Republic of)

Wojciech Osikowicz ¹ , William Salaneck ^1
1 Dept. of Physics, IFM, Linkoping University, Linkoping Sweden

Helder Domingos ^1
1 INESC, INESC-MN, Lisbon Portugal

Huanjun Ding ¹ , Yongli Gao ¹ , Marina Sanchez-Albaneda ² , Mirko Cinchetti ² , Jan-Peter Wüstenberg ² , Oleksiy Andreyev ² , Michael Bauer ² , Martin Aeschlimann ^2
1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States, ² Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern Germany

Harald Graaf ² , Derck Schlettwein ^1
2 Institute of Physics, Technical University Chemnitz, Chemnitz Germany, ¹ Institute of Applied Physics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen Germany

Hong-Zheng Chen ¹ , Min-Min Shi ¹ , Yue-Wen Shi ¹ , Mang Wang ^1
1 Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou China

Daniel Macaya ¹ , Maria Nikolou ¹ , Seiichi Takamatsu ¹ , Jeff Mabeck ¹ , George Malliaras ^1
1 materials science & engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States

Kyung Choi ^1
1 , Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey, United States

Yoann Olivier ¹ , Jean-Luc Bredas ^{2 1} , Jerome Cornil ^{1 2
1} Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons-Hainaut, Mons Belgium, ² School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Magnus Berggren ¹ , Linda Robinson ¹ , Nathaniel Robinson ¹ , Joakim Isaksson ¹ , Emilien Saindon ¹ , Maria Bolin ^1
1 ITN, Linkoping University, Norrkoping Sweden

Philip Kim ^1
1 , Columbia University, New York, New York, United States

Donal Bradley ^1
1 Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London United Kingdom

Ileana Manunza ^{1 2} , Annalisa Bonfiglio ^{1 2
1} , CNISM-University of Cagliari, Cagliari Italy, ² , INFM-CNR- S3 NanoStructures and BioSystems at Surfaces, Modena Italy

Maria Nikolou ¹ , Daniel Macaya ¹ , Seiichi Takamatsu ^{1 2} , George Malliaras ¹ , Roisin Owens ³ , Lori Romeo ^3
1 MSE, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States, ² , University of Tokyo, Tokyo Japan, ³ , Agave BioSystems, Ithaca, New York, United States

Ken-ichi Nakayama ¹ , Masaaki Yokoyama ^1
1 Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka Japan

Barbara Stadlober ¹ , Martin Zirkl ¹ , Siegfried Bauer ² , Simona Bauer-Gogonea ² , Ingrid Graz ² , Norbert Gaar ² , Reinhard Schwoediauer ² , Günther Leising ^1
1 Institute of Nanostructured Materials and Photonics, Joanneum Research, Weiz Austria, ² Soft Matter Physics, Johannes-Kepler-University, Linz Austria

George Malliaras ^1
1 Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States

Han Young Woo ¹ , Doojin Vak ² , Guillermo Bazan ^2
1 Nanomaterials Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan Korea (the Republic of), ² Chemistry, Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids, UCSB, Santa Barbara, California, United States

Manabu Yoshida ¹ , Hiroki Kawai ² , Takeshi Kondo ² , Takeshi Kawai ² , Kouji Suemori ¹ , Sei Uemura ¹ , Satoshi Hoshino ¹ , Takehito Kodzasa ¹ , Toshihide Kamata ^1
1 Organic Semiconductor Device Research Group, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, ² Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan

Masaya Terai ¹ , Katsuhiko Fujita ^{1 2} , Tetsuo Tsutsui ^{1 2
1} Department of Applied Science for Electronics and Materials, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka, Japan, ² , Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka, Japan

Xuefeng Guo ¹ , Stephen O'Brien ¹ , Ronald Breslow ¹ , Shalom Wind ¹ , James Hone ¹ , Philip Kim ¹ , Colin Nuckolls ^1
1 , Columbia University, New York, New York, United States

Bernard Kippelen ¹ , Seunghyup Yoo ¹ , William Potscavage ¹ , Benoit Domercq ^1
1 School of ECE, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Brendan O'Connor ¹ , Max Shtein ² , Kevin Pipe ^1
1 Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, ² Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Anamika Gopal ¹ , Rick Davis ² , Martin Drees ³ , Brian Holloway ³ , James Heflin ^1
1 Dept. of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States, ² Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States, ³ , Luna nanoWorks, Danville, Virginia, United States

Susumu Yoshikawa ¹ , Akinobu Hayakawa ¹ , Osamu Yoshikawa ¹ , Supachai Ngamsinlapasathian ¹ , Takuya Fujieda ¹ , Kaku Uehara ^1
1 Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan

Rupa Das ¹ , Lichun Chen ¹ , Xuhua Wang ^{1 3} , Oliver Hofmann ³ , John deMello ^{2 3} , Andrew deMello ^{2 3} , Donal Bradley ^{1 3
1} Physics, Imperial College London, London United Kingdom, ³ , Molecular Vision Ltd., London United Kingdom, ² Chemistry, Imperial College London, London United Kingdom

Kazuhiro Saito ¹ , Tetsuya Taima ¹ , Toshihiro Yamanari ¹ , Jun Sakai ^2
1 Research Center for Photovoltaics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, ² Advanced Technologies Development Laboratory, Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd., Kadoma, Osaka, Japan

Yoshiharu Sato ¹ , Takaaki Niinomi ¹ , Masahiko Hashiguchi ¹ , Yutaka Matsuo ¹ , Eiichi Nakamura ^{1 2
1} ERATO Nakamura Functional Carbon Complex Project, JST, Tokyo Japan, ² Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo Japan

Jao van de Lagemaat ¹ , Teresa Barnes ¹ , Garry Rumbles ¹ , Sean Shaheen ¹ , Timothy Coutts ¹ , Chris Weeks ² , Igor Levitsky ² , Jorma Peltola ² , Paul Glatkowski ^2
1 , NREL, Golden, Colorado, United States, ² , Eikos Inc., Franklin, Massachusetts, United States

Matthew White ¹ , Sean Shaheen ² , Dana Olson ³ , Todd Monson ³ , Julia Hsu ³ , David Ginley ^2
1 Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States, ² , National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, United States, ³ , Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States

Lichun Chen ¹ , Rupa Das ¹ , Jenny Nelson ¹ , James Durrant ² , Donal Bradley ^1
1 Department of Physics, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London United Kingdom, ² Electronic Materials Group, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College, London United Kingdom

Adelaja Arojurae ¹ , Shaun Filocamo ² , Selim Unlu ^{3 4} , Bennett Goldberg ⁴ , Mark Grinstaff ² , Catherine Klapperich ^1
1 Biomedical and Manufacturing Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States, ² Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States, ³ Electrical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States, ⁴ Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Daeyoung Kim ¹ , Yuan Xu ¹ , Jaewu Choi ^1
1 Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States

Rachel Jakubiak ¹ , John Busbee ¹ , Lalgudi Natarajan ² , Vincent Tondiglia ² , David Tomlin ³ , Timothy Bunning ¹ , Richard Vaia ¹ , Paul Braun ^4
1 , Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, United States, ² , SAIC, Inc., Beavercreek, Ohio, United States, ³ , UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, United States, ⁴ , University of Illinois , Raleigh, North Carolina, United States

Udo Pernisz ¹ , Ludmil Zambov ¹ , Vasgen Shamamian ¹ , Randall Siegel ^1
1 Specialty Films, Dow Corning Corporation, Midland, Michigan, United States

H. H. Fong ^{1 2} , Shu K. So ^2
1 Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States, ² Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Hong Kong

Gregory Sotzing ¹ , Arvind Kumar ¹ , Tanmoy Dey ¹ , Mustafa Yavuz ¹ , Venkataramanan Seshadri ¹ , Byoungchul Lee ¹ , Jayesh Bokria ¹ , Yogesh Ner ^1
1 Department of Chemistry and Polymer Program, Institute of Material Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States

Denis Scaini ^{1 2} , Jian Liang ⁴ , Matteo Castronovo ^{5 2} , Martina Dell'Angela ^{1 2} , Loredana Casalis ¹ , Giacinto Scoles ^{1 3 4
1} , ELETTRA Synchrotron, Trieste Italy, ² Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Trieste Italy, ⁴ Chemistry Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States, ⁵ , TASC-INFM, Trieste Italy, ³ , International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste Italy

Gregor Hlawacek ¹ , Andrei Andreev ¹ , Christian Teichert ¹ , Helmut Sitter ² , Serdar Sariciftci ³ , Roland Resel ⁴ , Steve Berkebile ⁵ , Georg Koller ⁵ , Mike Ramsey ^5
1 Institute of Physics, University of Leoben, Leoben Austria, ² Institute for Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, University of Linz, Linz Austria, ³ Linz Institute of Organic Solar Cells, University of Linz, Linz Austria, ⁴ Inst. for Solid State Physics, Technical University Graz, Graz Austria, ⁵ Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Graz, Graz Austria

Feng Qi ¹ , Murut Durandurdu ² , John Kieffer ^1
1 MSE, U of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, ² Physics, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States

Kihyon Hong ¹ , Soo Young Kim ¹ , Woong-Kwon Kim ¹ , Jong-Lam Lee ^1
1 Material Science and Engineering, Pohang Universty of Science and Technology, Pohang Korea (the Republic of)

Yong-Chul Jeong ¹ , Seung Hyun Song , Sung Yang ¹ , Kwang-Hyun Ahn ^1
1 , Kyung Hee University, Yongin Korea (the Republic of)

Alexandru Riposan ¹ , Christopher Fleming ¹ , Gang-yu Liu ^1
1 Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, United States

Hui Wan ¹ , Sze Yang ^1
1 Chemstry Department, Univ of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States

Soonjoo Seo ¹ , Paul Evans ^2
1 Materials Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States, ² Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States

Xiaorong Qin ¹ , Andrew Tersigni ¹ , Jun Shi ¹ , Detong Jiang ^1
1 Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

Michael Ford ¹ , Rainer Hoft ¹ , Nicholas Armstrong ¹ , Michael Cortie ^1
1 Institute for Nanoscale Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia

Toshiaki Kondo ^{1 2} , Motohiro Yamada ¹ , Kazuyuki Nishio ^{1 3} , Shiyoshi Yokoyama ⁴ , Shinro Mashiko ⁴ , Hideki Masuda ^{1 3
1} , Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji Japan, ² , Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo Japan, ³ , Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kanagawa Japan, ⁴ , National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Kobe Japan

Showey Yazdanian ¹ , Seppe Kuehn ¹ , John Marohn ^1
1 Chemistry, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States

Annica Crispin ¹ , Xavier Crispin ² , Mats Fahlman ² , Magnus Berggren ² , William Salaneck ^1
1 IFM, Linköping University, Linköping Sweden, ² ITN, Linköping University, Norrköping Sweden

Harald Plank ^{1 2} , Birgit Jahn ¹ , Alexander Blümel ¹ , Christian Seppi ² , Gernot Mauthner ² , Ullrich Scherf ³ , Emil List ^{1 2 4} , Werner Grogger ^5
1 Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Graz Austria, ² Christian Doppler Laboratory Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology and Institute of Nanostructured Materials and Photonics, Joanneum Research, Weiz Austria, ³ , Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Makromolekulare Chemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Wuppertal Germany, ⁴ , NanoTecCenter Forschungsgesellschaft mbH , Weiz Austria, ⁵ Research Institute for Electron Microscopy and Fine Research, Graz University of Technology, Graz Austria

Parisa Sehati ^{1 2} , Carl Tengstedt ¹ , Wojciech Osikowicz ² , William Salaneck ² , Mats Fahlman ^1
1 Department of Science and Technology, Linkoping University, Norrkoping Sweden, ² Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linkoping University, Linkoping Sweden

Jakob Kjelstrup-Hansen ¹ , Henrik Henrichsen ^{2 3} , Kjetil Gjerde ¹ , Casper Clausen ¹ , Daniel Engstrøm ¹ , Kasper Thilsing-Hansen ² , Horst-Günter Rubahn ² , Peter Bøggild ^1
1 MIC - Dept. of Micro and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark, ² Dept. of Chemistry and Physics and Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Sønderborg Denmark, ³ , BAM - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und –prüfung, Berlin Germany

M. de Jong ¹ , M. Lipperts ² , W. Osikowicz ¹ , W. Salaneck ^1
1 Department of Physics (IFM), Linkoping University, Linkoping Sweden, ² Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven Netherlands

Seong Ho Choi ¹ , BongSoo Kim ¹ , Daniel Frisbie ^2
1 Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, ² Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science , University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Cleber Mendonca ^{1 2} , Prakriti Tayalia ¹ , Raied Jamal ^{1 3} , Tommaso Baldacchini ¹ , Eric Mazur ^1
1 Department of Physics and Division of Engineering and Applied , Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, ² Instituto de Fisica de Sao Carlos, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil, ³ Physics Department, Baghdad University, Baghdad , Baghdad , Iraq

Stephen Johnson ¹ , Richard Haglund ¹ , Hee Park ^2
1 Physics & Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States, ² , Appliflex LLC, San Jose, California, United States

Mohammad Arif ¹ , Suchi Guha ¹ , Shubhra Gangopadhyay ² , Ullrich Scherf ^3
1 Physics & Astronomy, University of Missouri Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States, ² Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States, ³ Makromolekulare Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal Germany

Conor Madigan ¹ , Vladimir Bulovic ^1
1 EECS, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States

Terry Gordon ¹ , Jianfei Yu ¹ , Steven Holdcroft ^1
1 Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

Xu Han ¹ , Xiwen Chen ¹ , Steven Holdcroft ^1
1 Chemistry, Simon Fraser Univeristy, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

Rodrigo Bianchi ¹ , Ely Dirani ² , Adriana Ferreira ^2
1 Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil, ² Laboratório de Microeletrônica, Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Linda Lindell ¹ , Anick Burquel ² , Fredrik Jakobsson ³ , Vincent Lemaur ² , Magnus Berggren ³ , Roberto Lazzaroni ² , Jérôme Cornil ² , William Salaneck ¹ , Xavier Crispin ^3
1 , Department of Physics, Biology and Chemistry, Linköpings Universitet, Linköping Sweden, ² , Service de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Université de Mons-Hainaut, Mons Belgium, ³ , Department of Science and Technology, Campus Norrköping, Linköpings Universitet, Linköping Sweden

Dirk Veldman ¹ , Stéphanie Chopin ¹ , René Williams ² , Stefan Meskers ¹ , René Janssen ^1
1 Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven Netherlands, ² Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Netherlands

Ankit Vora ¹ , Dean Webster ^1
1 Coatings and Polymeric Materials, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States

Yong Ji ¹ , Enric Garcia-Caurel ² , Michel Stchakovsky ^3
1 Thin Film Divisions, HORIBA Jobin Yvon, Sunnyvale, California, United States, ² Thin Films and Interface Laboratory , Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, Essonnes, France, ³ Thin Film Division, HORIBA Jobin Yvon , Chilly-Mazarin, Essonnes, France

Toshihiro Okamoto ¹ , Michelle Senatore ¹ , Abhijit Mallik ¹ , Ming Tang ¹ , Mang-mang Ling ¹ , Zhenan Bao ^1
1 Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States

Hong Jeong Yu ¹ , Kwanhwi Park ¹ , Sung Hyun Kim ^1
1 Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul Korea (the Republic of)

Horst Scheiber ¹ , Changduk Yang ² , Josemon Jacob ² , Klaus Müllen ² , Emil List ^{1 3
1} Christian Doppler Laboratory Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010, Graz and Institute of Nanostructured Materials and Photonics, Joanneum Research, Franz-Pichler-Strasse 30, A-8160, Weiz Austria, ² , Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz Germany, ³ , NanoTecCenter Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, A-8160, Weiz Austria

Sylke Blumstengel ¹ , Sergey Sadofev ¹ , Chenggang Xu ¹ , Joachim Puls ¹ , Fritz Henneberger ^1
1 Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin Germany

Toshiyuki Kakudate ¹ , Noriyuki Yoshimoto ¹ , Yoshio Saito ^2
1 , Iwate University, Morioka Japan, ² , Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto Japan

Masanao Goto ¹ , Guang Shao ² , Akihiro Orita ² , Junzo Otera ² , Hideo Takezoe ¹ , Ken Ishikawa ^1
1 Dept. of Org. and Polym. Mater., Tokyo Inst. of Tech., Meguro, Tokyo, Japan, ² Dept. of Biotech. and Appl. Chem., Okayama Univ. of Science, Okayama, Okayama, Japan

Peter J. de Veen ¹ , Guus Rijnders ¹ , Dave H.A. Blank ^1
1 MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede Netherlands

Jessica Benson-Smith ¹ , Joanne Wilson ¹ , Donal Bradley ¹ , Jenny Nelson ^1
1 Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London United Kingdom

Xuetong Zhang ¹ , Wenhui Song ^1
1 Wolfson Center for Materials Processing, Brunel University, West London United Kingdom

H. H. Fong ¹ , George G. Malliaras ^1
1 Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States

Sze Yang ¹ , Hui Wan ¹ , John Sinko ^2
1 Chemstry Department, Univ of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States, ² , Wayne Pigment Corporation, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States

Seung Eon Moon ¹ , Eun-Kyoung Kim ¹ , Jonghyurk Park ¹ , Hong-Yeol Lee ¹ , Kang-Ho Park ¹ , Byung Gil Jung ² , Seung-Mo Kim ² , Seung-Chul Ha ^2
1 , ETRI, Daejeon Korea (the Republic of), ² , SENKO, Kangnung Korea (the Republic of)

Yifang Cao ¹ , Nan Yao ² , Kevin McIlwrath ⁵ , Jikou Zhou ⁴ , G. Osinkolu ³ , Winston Soboyejo ^2
1 Engineering Science Programme and Division of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore Singapore, ² Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM), Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States, ⁵ , Hitachi High Technologies America, Pleasanton, California, United States, ⁴ , Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, United States, ³ , Obafemi Awolowo Univesity, Ile-Ife Nigeria

Debdutta Ray ¹ , Meghan Patankar ¹ , Gottfried Döhler ² , Krishnamachari Narasimhan ^1
1 Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai India, ² Max Planck Research Group, Institute of Optics, Information and Photonics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen Germany

Stephen Fossey ¹ , Ferdinando Bruno ¹ , Jayant Kumar ² , Lynne Samuelson ^1
1 Nanomaterials Science Team, US Army Natick Soldier Center, Natick, Massachusetts, United States, ² Department of Physics & Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, United States

Ruthanne Hassey ¹ , Ellen Swain ¹ , Nathan Hammer ¹ , Emily Richards ¹ , Dhandapani Venkataraman ¹ , Michael Barnes ^1
1 Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States

Carl Tengstedt ¹ , Anna Kanciurzewska ¹ , Michel de Jong ² , Slawomir Braun ² , William Salaneck ² , Mats Fahlman ^1
1 Department of Science and Technology, Linkoping University, Norrkoping Sweden, ² Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linkoping University, Linkoping Sweden

Antoine Kahn ¹ , Wei Zhao ¹ , Seth Marder ² , Steve Barlow ² , Fabrice Amy ^1
1 Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States, ² School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Xiao Tao Hao ¹ , Takuya Hosokai ¹ , Noritaka Mitsuo ¹ , Satoshi Kera ¹ , Kazuyuki Sakamoto ¹ , Koji Kamiya Okudaira ¹ , Nobuo Ueno ^1
1 , Faculty of Engineering , Chiba University, Chiba Japan

Naoki Hayashi ¹ , Kaname Kanai ¹ , Yukio Ouchi ¹ , Kazuhiko Seki ^{1 2
1} Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya Japan, ² Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya Japan

Parisa Sehati ¹ , Carl Tengstedt ² , Wojciech Osikowicz ¹ , Michel de Jong ¹ , William. Salaneck ¹ , Mats Fahlman ^2
1 Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Institute of Technology , Linköping University, Linköping Sweden, ² Department of Science and Technology, Institute of Technology , Linköping University, Linköping Sweden

Sebastian Reineke ¹ , Karsten Walzer ¹ , Martin Pfeiffer ¹ , Karl Leo ^1
1 , Institut für Angewandte Photophysik, Dresden Germany

Martin Burger ^{1 2} , Giorgio Macchi ¹ , Francesco Meinardi ¹ , Sigurd Schrader ² , Riccardo Tubino ^1
1 Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano Bicocca, Milano Italy, ² , University of Applied Sciences, Wildau Germany

Toshihiro Shimada ¹ , Hitoshi Abe ¹ , Hiroyuki Nogawa ¹ , Kenta Amemiya ¹ , Koichiro Saiki ^{2 1} , Tetsuya Hasegawa ^1
1 Chemistry, Univ. Tokyo, Tokyo Japan, ² Complexity Sciences and Engineering, Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa Japan

Oleg Mitrofanov ¹ , David Lang ² , Christian Kloc ¹ , Magnus Wikberg ¹ , Theo Siegrist ¹ , Woo-Young So ² , M. Sergent ¹ , Arthur Ramirez ^{1 2
1} , Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey, United States, ² , Columbia University, New York, New York, United States

Kazuhiko Seki ^{1 2} , Toshio Nishi ¹ , Masato Honda ¹ , Yusuke Tanaka ¹ , Naoki Hayashi ¹ , Asumi Jindo ¹ , Hisao Ishii ³ , Yukio Ouchi ¹ , Kaname Kanai ^1
1 Graduate school of science, Nagoya university, Nagoya Japan, ² Institute for advanced research, Nagoya university, Nagoya Japan, ³ Center for frontier science, Chiba university, Chiba Japan

Toshio Nishi ¹ , Yasunori Kamizuru ¹ , Kaname Kanai ¹ , Yukio Ouchi ¹ , Kazuhiko Seki ^{1 2
1} Department of Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya Japan, ² Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya Japan

Derek Lincoln ¹ , R. Shima Edelstein ² , A. Epstein ^{1 2} , J. Kortright ^3
1 Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States, ² Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States, ³ Advanced Spectroscopy Dept. Material Science Div., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States

Tetsuo Tsutsui ^{1 2} , Masaya Terai ² , Katsuhiko Fujita ^{1 2
1} , Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka, Japan, ² Department of Applied Science for Electronics and Materials, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka, Japan

Calvin Chan ¹ , Fabrice Amy ¹ , Qing Zhang ² , Stephen Barlow ² , Seth Marder ² , Antoine Kahn ^1
1 Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States, ² Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Shu-kong So ¹ , Shing-chi Tse ¹ , Sai-wing Tsang ^1
1 Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Hong Kong

H. H. Fong ¹ , George G. Malliaras ^1
1 Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States

Arne Fleissner ¹ , Hanna Schmid ¹ , Christian Melzer ¹ , Roland Schmechel ^{1 2} , Heinz von Seggern ^1
1 Institute of Materials Science, Electronic Materials Department, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt Germany, ² Institute for Nanotechnology, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (FZK), Karlsruhe Germany

Alberto Salleo ¹ , Leslie Jimison ¹ , Iain McCulloch ³ , Martin Heeney ³ , Michael Toney ^2
1 Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States, ³ , Merck Chemicals UK, Chilworth, Southampton United Kingdom, ² , Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, United States

James Hone ^1
1 Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States

Seiichiro Yaginuma ^{1 2} , Kenji Itaka ^{2 3} , Masamitsu Haemori ⁴ , Masao Katayama ^{1 3} , Yuji Matsumoto ^{1 3} , Hideomi Koinuma ^{2 3 4
1} Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa Japan, ² Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba Japan, ³ CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama Japan, ⁴ , NIMS, Ibaraki Japan

Valerian Ignatescu ¹ , Jing-Chih Hsu ¹ , Alex Mayer ¹ , Jack Blakely ¹ , George Malliaras ^1
1 , Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States

Paul Sheehan ¹ , Minchul Yang ¹ , Arnaldo Laracuente ¹ , Brent Nelson ² , William King ² , Lloyd Whitman ^1
1 , Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, District of Columbia, United States, ² Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Peter Collier ¹ , Wai Kerk ¹ , Wee Chin ² , Kian Loh ² , Ping Bai ³ , Er Li ^3
1 Surface Technology Group, Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Singapore Singapore, ² Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore Singapore, ³ Electronics and Electromagnetics Program, Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore Singapore

Mariadriana Creatore ¹ , Erik Langereis ¹ , Antonella Milella ¹ , Ioana Volintiru ¹ , Stephan Heil ¹ , Erwin Kessels ¹ , Richard van de Sanden ^1
1 Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven Netherlands

Regis Kline ¹ , Dean Delongchamp ¹ , Eric Lin ¹ , Lee Richter ¹ , Iain McCulloch ² , Martin Heeney ² , Michael Toney ^3
1 , National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States, ² , Merck Chemical, Ltd., Southampton United Kingdom, ³ , Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, United States