Tutorials
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- November 28 - December 2, 2011
- Hynes Convention Center, Boston, MA
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Meeting Chairs:
Cammy R. Abernathy, Paul V. Braun, Masashi Kawasaki, Kathryn J. Wahl
The 2011 MRS Fall Meeting will feature seven tutorials covering a variety of topics to complement the scientific sessions. The tutorials will be free of charge to all meeting attendees. Tutorial notes will be available for a small fee during preregistration and at the Publications Desk during the meeting.
The following tutorials will be offered at this meeting:
- Tutorial H/I: Organic Photovoltaics―Current Challenges and Opportunities
- Tutorial P: Fundamental Properties of Ferroelectric and Multiferroic Materials―Experimental and Theoretical Concepts
- Tutorial U: Organic Semiconductor Crystals 101
- Tutorial Z: Controlled Synthesis and Device Integration of Functional Metal-Oxide Nanostructures
- Tutorial BB: Semiconductor Nanowires for Photovoltaics
- Tutorial PP: 3D Imaging of Materials Microstructures in Different Length Scales
- Tutorial UU: Preparation and Interrogation of Combinatorial Materials Libraries for High-Throughput Materials Science
Tutorial H/I: Organic Photovoltaics―Current Challenges and Opportunities
Sunday, November 27
8:30 am - 5:00 pm
Room 210, Hynes Convention Center
The tutorial covers fundamental and device aspects of organic photovoltaics, including materials design principles, interfaces, multi-scale modeling, and novel device designs. The tutorial will begin with a general overview of organic photovoltaics. The materials session will focus on: how to change the bandgap; the acceptor strength; how to improve the stability, charge mobility; controlling the morphology, etc., with relevant examples from highly performing OPV materials. The interfaces session will detail issues such as dipole formation, alignment/bending of energy levels, challenges in predicting the energetic alignment and charge transport through OPV devices and explaining experimental methods to investigate these issues. The multi-scale modeling session will describe physical models such as charge transport and recombination and simulation principles. Methods of and challenges to implementing physical models in Monte Carlo and macroscopic device simulations will be explained. The device designs session will focus on methods to enhance the energy conversion efficiency of various device structures, optimizing process conditions, and novel device architectures.
Instructors:
Venkat Bommisetty
South Dakota State University
Jianhui Hou
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Selina Olthof
Princeton University
Carsten Deibel
University of Würzburg, Germany
Sean Shaheen
University of Denver
Tutorial P: Fundamental Properties of Ferroelectric and Multiferroic Materials―Experimental and Theoretical Concepts
Sunday, November 27
1:30 pm - 5:00 pm
Room 202, Hynes Convention Center
The tutorial will cover two major topics: the structure-property relations underlying the rich set of properties demonstrated by ferroelectric and multiferroic materials, and theoretical aspects of the basic mechanisms in ferroelectrics, multiferroics, and magnetoelectrics.
Prof. Scott will begin by discussing the basic properties of ferroelectrics, emphasizing the differences among pyroelectrics, electrets, and ferroelectrics. He will then move on to magnetoelectrics, emphasizing that multiferroics need not be magnetoelectric, and illustrating the cause of misleading artifacts in such materials. He will conclude with a discussion of the experimental aspects of nanoferroelectrics and nanodomains. Prof. Rondinelli will describe, at an introductory level, the atomistic theory of a wide class of ferroelectrics and magnetoelectric multiferroics as derived from first-principles quantum mechanical calculations, and conclude by summarizing the current status of ab initio theory in this field, as well as the challenges ahead.
Instructor:
James F. Scott
University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
James Rondinelli
Drexel University
Tutorial U: Organic Semiconductor Crystals 101
Sunday, Sunday, November 27
9:00 am-5:00 pm
Room 206, Hynes Convention Center
The performance of organic semiconductors has increased dramatically over the last decade, partly due to the development of new materials, but more significantly due to the ability to form high-quality crystals and crystalline films of these materials. Organic crystals are promising materials for a multitude of applications, including fundamental transport measurements, structure-property studies, and as the active semiconductor elements for organic electronic devices. The tutorial will cover several important areas including crystallization techniques from both solution phase and vapor phase, crystal growth from small-molecule and polymer semiconductors, design and synthesis of new organic semiconductor materials, crystal engineering approaches to high-performance organic semiconductors, fabrication of various types of single-crystal transistors, optical properties of organic crystals, energy transport (exciton dynamics), photoconductivity, and Hall effect measurements. A broad survey of crystal packing motifs will be presented, demonstrating how subtle changes in crystal packing can yield dramatic changes in crystal shape (and thus, film morphology) and transport properties.
Instructors:
John E. Anthony
University of Kentucky
Alejandro L. Briseno
University of Massachusetts-Amherst
Vitaly Podzorov
Rutgers University
Jun Takeya
Osaka University, Japan
Tutorial Z: Controlled Synthesis and Device Integration of Functional Metal-Oxide NanostructuresSunday, November 27
9:00 am-5:00 pm
Room 203, Hynes Convention Center
The first part of the tutorial discusses the methods for producing functional metal-oxide nanostructures currently used in research laboratories for fabrication of high-quality oxide materials, focusing on practical aspects such as ease of synthesis, scalability, and economic aspects. The tutorial provides an overview of chemical and physical routes to nanoparticles, nanowires, and thin film of metal oxides and will exemplarily elaborate on the potential of chemical and physical strategies to obtain functional structures by material combinations (e.g., heterostructures, core-shell morphologies, hybrid nanocomposites), and discuss the growth structure-property relations. Besides the conventional methodologies, the presentation will also include novel approaches such as microwave-assisted synthesis of nanoparticles and plasma-enhanced CVD of metal-oxide nanostructures.
The second part describes the technological importance of oxide nanostructures and their integration into new device concepts based on the unique and novel electrical, optoelectronic, field emission, and mechanical properties of nanowires and nanobelts. We will illustrate some novel devices and applications made using nanowires as ultrasensitive chemical and biological nanosensors, solar cell, light-emitting diodes, nanogenerators, and nanopiezotronic devices. ZnO is ideal for nanogenerators to convert nanoscale mechanical energy into electricity, owing to its coupled piezoelectric and semiconductive properties. The devices designed based on this coupled characteristic belong to the family of piezotronics, which is a new and unique group of electronic components that are controlled by external forces/pressure.
Instructors
Zhong Lin Wang
Georgia Institute of Technology
Sanjay Mathur
University of Cologne, Germany
Tutorial BB:Semiconductor Nanowires for Photovoltaics
Sunday, November 27
1:30 pm-5:00 pm
Room 200, Hynes Convention Center
For hundreds of years, the primary source of energy for humans has originated from burning fossil fuel. Unfortunately, this cannot continue to be the case in the coming decades due to the greenhouse gases emission, as well as the extinction of such sources on the earth crust. Solar energy harvesting is a common-sense alternative to the burning of fossil fuels. In the race towards obtaining an improved efficiency/cost ratio of the solar cells, nanowires have been identified as candidates for enhancing performance, while at the same time reducing the device cost. The tutorial will review the principles and latest developments of nanowire-based solar cells.
The first half of the tutorial will provide a general introduction on the photovoltaic generations. After that, the advantages of using nanowires in solar-cell devices will be presented. Two types of nanowire-based solar cells will be discussed: hybrid solar cells, and solid-state-based solar cells. Special attention will be given in presenting both the materials and device design requirements, the achievements to date, and the challenges which remain to be faced in the future.
Part I: Lukas Schmidt-Mende, Instructor - Fundamentals
- History of Solar Cell Generations from Crystalline Silicon to Third-Generation Solar Cells
- Principles of Hybrid Solar Cells
Coffee Break
Part II: Magnus Borgström, Instructor - Solid-State Nanowire-Based Solar Cells―Principles
- Solid-State Nanowire Based Solar Cells―Achievements and Challenges
Instructors
Magnus T. Borgström
Lund University, Sweden
Lukas Schmidt-Mende
University of Konstanz, Germany
Tutorial PP: 3D Imaging of Materials Microstructures in Different Length Scales
Sunday, November 27
1:30 pm - 5:00 pm
Room 201, Hynes Convention Center
Three-dimensional microstructure characterization at different scales plays the key role in understanding the relationship in processing, microstructure and properties. Starting from statistical analysis of simple-shaped microstructures and their stereological 3D estimation, the necessity of tomographic techniques for complex microstructures will be explained. The tutorial provides a brief overview of tomographic imaging techniques in different length scales, namely FIB-SEM serial sectioning, TEM tomography, and atom-probe tomography. Recent state-of-the art application examples and new trends for each method will be discussed.
Instructors:
Frank Mücklich
Saarland University, Germany
David Seidman
Northwestern University
Paul Midgley
University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
Tutorial UU: Preparation and Interrogation of Combinatorial Materials Libraries for High-Throughput Materials Science
Sunday, November 27
9:00 am-5:00 pm
Room 204, Hynes Convention Center
Advanced tools and strategies for high-throughput experimentation are enabling scientists and engineers to accelerate the pace of research and development for a wide variety of complex materials and devices. Tutorial attendees will learn state-of-the-science approaches to design, preparation, interrogation, and interpretation of combinatorial materials libraries from instructors who are recognized experts in high-throughput materials science. The tutorial is organized by application area, featuring discussion of polymers (Karim), electronic materials (van Dover), and catalysts (Lauterbach). Strategies for data handling and mining/analysis will also be covered (Takeuchi). Case studies will include examples from the fields of magnetic, multiferroic and nanomaterials.
Instructors:
Jochen Lauterback
University of South Carolina
Ichiro Takeuchi
University of Maryland
Alamgir Karim
University of Akron
Bruce van Dover
Cornell University
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